C# vs Java is always compared because both are object-oriented programming languages. Now let’s have a look at C# and JAVA.

What is C#?

C# is a general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language. C# encapsulates static typing, strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines.

Anders Hejlsberg designed C# at Microsoft in 2000. It was approved later in 2002 and 2003. C# was introduced with .NET Framework and Visual Studio. The name “C sharp” was inspired by the musical notation whereby a sharp symbol indicates a semitone higher in pitch.

But before we even start talking about languages and syntax, we have to ask ourselves why C#?

What can I do with C#?

Yeah. Choosing a language is really important and one of the things. What I love most about C# is the beautiful syntax. It’s all about that syntactic sugar. So you don’t need to understand everything about the language right now, but when you want to scale up your designs and create some great architecture, C# is a good choice for that. Definitely. You don’t have to memorize all the little details right.

Now and you also have a whole ecosystem that you can use. So if you find something that you want to do in C#, you can probably do it.

What can I build with C#?

Definitely. So you might just be making a website or a console app right now. But if you went to scale that up sometime in the future, take it mobile, go AI, use Machine Learning, something like that, C# can grow with you.

Yeah. It’s one language for lots of things whether it’s a Raspberry Pi, or an Xbox game, or a website, or just a little console app to print out some text. There are really no limits to what you can do with C#.

What is JAVA?

James Gosling invented JAVA at Sun Microsystems (which has since been acquired by Oracle) in 1991 and released in 1995.

JAVA is an object-oriented, multi-platform, and network-centric programming language that is

used in a distributed environment on the internet. It comprises an execution engine, a compiler, and a collection of libraries. It is a high-level language that is easy to understand. The rules and syntax of Java are based on C and C++. Java is fast, secure, and reliable.

Java is popularly used in the console, GUI, web, mobile applications, game development, and embedded systems. Apart from these Java is also used to develop software for devices.

Why C# vs JAVA always compared?

C# and Java are always compared because both are object-oriented programming languages and statically-typed. And both have similar syntax and “curly braces”

Comparison:

Pointers:

Pointers are supported in C# to a limited extent. A pointer in C# is a variable that stores the memory address of different types.
Java doesn’t officially support pointers.

Polymorphism:

C# Use the “virtual” keyword in a base class and the “override” keyword in a derived class.
Java polymorphism is enabled by default.

Support for Goto statement:

Java doesn’t support the goto statement.
C# supports the goto statement.

IDE’s:

C# supports IDE’s like VS code, Kite, SlickEdit, Eclipse aCute, NotePade++, Rider, Atom, and DevExpress.
Whereas Java supports IDE’s like EclipseEdit, NetBeansEdit, JCreatorEdit, ProcessingEdit, BlueJEdit, KawaEdit, and JBuilderEdit.

Run-Time Environment:

C# has a run-time environment called common language runtime(CLR) that executes the code. It offers services that make the development process go more easily.
Whereas the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is a software layer that runs on the top of a computer’s operating system. JRE offers class libraries and other resources that a Java application requires to run.

Arrays:

Arrays in C# is a structure expressing a fixed-length ordered collection of values or objects of the same type.
Whereas in Java, an array is a collection of variables that are referred to by a single name and an index number.

	JAVA	C#
Operator Overloading	Java does not support operator overloading	C# provides support for operator overloading for multiple operators.
TIOBE Index	JAVA 1	C# 6
Famous Companies using	Airbnb, Instagram, Spotify, Netflix, etc.	Stack Exchange, Microsoft, Coderus, Docplanner, etc.
Type Safety	JAVA type safety is safe.	C# type safety is unsafe.

Where to use C# and Java:

In C#

Web Applications development
Windows Application development
Games and apps

In JAVA

Big Data, GUI Applications
Server-side programming language
Embeded systems, Android application

Salaries:

In the USA the average salary of a C# developer is $68k whereas for a Java developer the average salary is $76k.

C# vs Java: performance

C# vs. Java performance is a hot topic of debate between software engineers.

According to benchmarks around the web, C# performs better overall. It has a shorter response time, besides taking up less CPU load. Java also has high performance. Both C# and Java supports multithreading architecture.

Verdict: C#.

Top languages:

Advantages of using JAVA:

Multiple-threading
Garbage Collecting Facility the memory is managed automatically.
Open-source
Support by community
Availability of Experienced and skilled developers
Plenty of Third Party liberaries
Good performance
Excellent Documention Support.
Plateform Independent. Its uses its own runtime environment to execute programs.

Advantages of using C#:

Build any kind of major Application
Keep Getting better. Every year we get a new C# release with better options and efficiency.
Amazing speed with outstanding response time.
Huge community support.
Understandable Documentation.
Backed by Microsoft
Garbage Collecting Facility the memory is managed automatically.
Get/Set Methods
Language Integrated Query (LINQ)

Disadvantages of using JAVA:

Java is memory consuming.
Significantly slower than natively compiled languages.
Memory is managed by garbage collector, whenever garbage collector runs it effects the performance of application.
Java is not a good fit for desktop applications because of heavy memory footprint and huge VM start-up.